It came as a “surprise” to football finance expert Kieran Maguire that Liverpool voted in favour of new Premier League anchoring regulations that could weaken both Man Utd and Man City.

It is understood that clubs voted on Monday to progress to the final stages of a legal and economic analysis of anchoring – a principle which would potentially limit expenditure on things like player wages, plus agents’ fees and transfer amortisation costs, by capping them as a multiple of the central Premier League revenues going to the bottom club.

The intention of anchoring is to keep the league competitive by preventing the richest clubs dominating, with Man Utd and Man City understood to have voted against it.

Aston Villa are also reported to have voted against, with Chelsea reported to have abstained.

Anchoring faces some major obstacles before it can be fully adopted, not least the backing of the Professional Footballers’ Association which said on Monday it would “oppose any measure that would place a ‘hard’ cap on player wages”.

Man Utd oppose the concept of anchoring because they feel the measure unfairly penalises them for their success in generating large, self-sustaining revenues which they have built over decades of sporting achievement and commercial innovation.

The club are also understood to be concerned that measures to level out competition in the Premier League risk undermining the competitiveness of English clubs in relation to their European peers and weaken the Premier League as a global force.

Anchoring, if approved, would be one part of the new squad cost control measures which are set to replace the existing profitability and sustainability regulations (PSR) from the 2025-26 season.

Clubs unanimously voted in support of squad spending caps linked to revenue being a key principle within those new rules at a meeting on April 11.

Clubs playing in European competition from 2025-26 will need to limit squad-related costs – including spending on transfer and agents’ fees plus wages – to 70 per cent of revenue in order to abide by UEFA’s rules.

It is understood Premier League clubs are expected to be limited to 85 per cent of revenue, with points deductions still likely to be applied where breaches of the ratio are serious.

While the squad cost to revenue rules would effectively place spending limits on aspiring clubs who do not have the same earning power as more established clubs, anchoring – if approved – would create a ‘hard’ ceiling for the biggest and richest clubs which has no direct link to the revenue they earn.

And football finance expert Maguire was initially “surprised” by the decision by Liverpool to vote in favour of the proposals before acknowledging it will be in their “best interests”.

Maguire told Football Insider: “Given that Liverpool have high revenue generation and commercial income, I was a little bit surprised by their vote.

“But they are not generating quite as much as Manchester United and Manchester City, and therefore they will have done their sums.

“There’s one thing you have to admire FSG for, which is the amount of forensic attention to detail that they undertake before making any decision.

“They will have realised that it would impact Manchester United and Manchester City marginally more than it would impact them.

“Therefore it was in Liverpool’s best interests to vote for the anchoring rules.”